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C

Cage Culture

A production method in which barrow pits, farm ponds, or lakes are used for fish production by containing the fish in cages placed in the water.

Calcium Carbonate

A relatively insoluble salt, CaCO3, the primary constituent of limestone and a common constituent of hard water.

Carbon Dioxide

A colorless, odorless gas, CO2, resulting from the oxidation of carbon-containing substances; highly soluble in water. Toxic to fish at high levels. Toxicity to fish increases at low levels of oxygen. May be used as an anesthetic.

Carbonate

The CO3- ion, or any salt formed with it, such as calcium carbonate, CaCO3.

Carnivorous

Feeding or preying on animals.

Carrying Capacity

The population, number, or weight of a species that a given environment can support.

Catadromous fish

Migratory fish that live in fresh water but breed in salt water.

Caudal Fin

The tail fin of fish.

Cavity Spawners

Species, such as catfish, which spawn in a cavity along the bank of a pond. In commercial aquaculture a container such as a milk can is substituted.

Cold Water Species

Generally, fish that spawn in water temperatures below 55°F. The main cultured species are trout and salmon. See Cool water Species; Warm Water Species.

Contaminants

Both natural and artificial materials not typically found or found in unusually high concentrations which can be detrimental to the health of wild or farmed aquatic species

Core-trench

A barrier made of compacted clay that anchors the pond levee to the surrounding topography.

Count

A marketing unit of measurement equal to number per pound. For example, a 20 count would be the same as 20 per pound.

Cubic Foot Per Minute

Flow rate equal to 449 gallons per minute.

Culture tanks

Artificial holding areas used to rear fish farm stocks.